Ibyambu byo ku isi bifite ikibazo gikomeye mu myaka 65, dukore iki imizigo yacu?

Ingaruka zatewe no kongera COVID-19, ubwinshi bw’ibyambu mu bihugu byinshi no mu turere twongeye kwiyongera.Kugeza ubu, kontineri miliyoni 2.73 za TEU zitegereje guhambwa no gupakururwa hanze y’ibyambu, kandi abatwara ibicuruzwa birenga 350 ku isi bategereje umurongo wo gupakurura.Ibitangazamakuru bimwe byavuze ko ibyorezo byongeye kugaragara bishobora gutuma gahunda yo kohereza isi yose ihura n’ikibazo gikomeye mu myaka 65.

1. Ibyorezo byagarutsweho hamwe no gukira gukenewe byatumye ubwikorezi ku isi hamwe n’ibyambu bihura n'ibizamini bikomeye

Usibye ikirere gikabije kizatera ubukererwe kuri gahunda yo kohereza, icyorezo gishya cy'ikamba cyatangiye umwaka ushize cyatumye gahunda yo gutwara abantu ku isi ihura n’ikibazo gikomeye mu myaka 65.Mbere, “Financial Times” yo mu Bwongereza yatangaje ko amato ya kontineri 353 yatonze umurongo ku byambu byo hanze ku isi, bikubye inshuro zirenga ebyiri umubare umwe mu gihe kimwe cy'umwaka ushize.Muri bo, haracyari abatwara imizigo 22 bategereje hanze y’ibyambu bya Los Angeles na Long Beach, ibyambu bikomeye byo muri Amerika, bikaba bivugwa ko bizatwara iminsi 12 yo gupakurura.Byongeye kandi, Amerika ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byinshi birashobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye cyo kongera ibicuruzwa byabo ku bicuruzwa byo ku wa gatanu w’umukara no kuri Noheri.Abahanga bemeza ko mu gihe cy’icyorezo, ibihugu byakajije umurego mu kugenzura imipaka kandi imiyoboro gakondo itanga ingaruka.Nyamara, icyifuzo cyo kugura kumurongo kubantu baho cyiyongereye cyane, bituma ubwiyongere bwimizigo yo mumato hamwe nibyambu birenze.

Usibye iki cyorezo, igihe cyibikorwa remezo by’ibyambu ku isi nacyo ni impamvu ikomeye itera ubwinshi bw’abatwara ibicuruzwa.Toft, umuyobozi mukuru wa MSC, itsinda rya kabiri mu gutwara ibicuruzwa bitwara ibicuruzwa ku isi, yavuze ko mu myaka yashize, ibyambu ku isi byahuye n’ibibazo nkibikorwa remezo bishaje, ibicuruzwa bitinjira, ndetse no kutabasha guhangana n’amato manini manini.Muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, ubwato bwa “Changci” bwirukanye ku muyoboro wa Suez, bwabujije gutwara imizigo ku isi.Imwe mu mpamvu zabiteye nuko "Changci" yari nini cyane ikabuza inzira yinzuzi imaze kwiyegereza ikanyerera.Nk’uko amakuru abitangaza, imbere y’ubwo bwato bunini butwara imizigo, icyambu nacyo gikenera icyambu cyimbitse na crane nini.Ariko, bisaba igihe cyo kuzamura ibikorwa remezo.Nubwo ari ugusimbuza crane gusa, bisaba amezi 18 uhereye igihe washyizeho itegeko kugeza urangije kwishyiriraho, bigatuma bidashoboka ko ibyambu byaho bihindura mugihe cyicyorezo.

Soren Toft, umuyobozi mukuru wa Mediterranean Shipping (MSC), itsinda rya kabiri mu bihugu byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku isi, yagize ati: Mu byukuri, ibibazo by’ibyambu byabayeho mbere y’iki cyorezo, ariko ibikoresho bishaje ndetse n’ubushobozi buke byagaragaye mu gihe cy’icyorezo.

Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete amwe atwara ibicuruzwa yahisemo gufata iya mbere kugira ngo afate ingamba zo gushora imari ku cyambu, kugira ngo abatwara ibicuruzwa babone umwanya wa mbere.Vuba aha, HHLA, umuyobozi wa terminal ya Hamburg mu Budage, yavuze ko irimo gushyikirana n’icyambu cya COSCO SHIPPING ku mugabane muto, ibyo bikaba bizatuma itsinda ry’ubwikorezi riba umufatanyabikorwa mu gutegura no gushora imari mu iyubakwa ry’ibikorwa remezo.

2. Ibiciro byo kohereza byageze hejuru

Ku ya 10 Kanama, igipimo cy’imizigo ku isi cyerekanye ko ibiciro byoherezwa mu Bushinwa, mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya kugera ku nkombe z’iburasirazuba bwa Amerika ya Ruguru byarenze amadorari 20.000 US $ kuri TEU ku nshuro ya mbere.Ku ya 2 Kanama, imibare yari ikiri $ 16.000.

Raporo yasubiyemo impuguke zivuga ko mu kwezi gushize, Maersk, Mediterranean, Hapag-Lloyd hamwe n’andi masosiyete akomeye yo gutwara abantu ku isi yagiye akurikirana cyangwa yongeraho umubare w’inyongera ku izina ry’inyongera y’igihe cy’ibihe ndetse n’amafaranga yinjira mu cyambu.Uru nirwo rufunguzo rwo kuzamuka vuba kw'ibiciro byoherezwa.

Byongeye kandi, ntabwo hashize igihe kinini, Minisiteri ishinzwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu yavuze kandi ko hamwe n’ibyorezo byakunze kugaragara mu mahanga, ubwinshi bukabije bwakomeje kugaragara ku byambu byo muri Amerika, Uburayi ndetse n’ahandi kuva mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2020, byateje akaduruvayo muri urwego mpuzamahanga rwo gutanga ibikoresho no kugabanya imikorere, bivamo ahantu hanini gahunda zubwato.Gutinda byagize ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere.Uyu mwaka, ibura ry'ubushobozi mpuzamahanga bwo kohereza no kuzamuka kw'ibiciro by'imizigo byabaye ikibazo ku isi yose.

3. Gahunda yicyumweru "Icyumweru cya Zahabu" irashobora kugenda neza kuzamura ibicuruzwa

Nk’uko amakuru abitangaza, amasosiyete atwara ibicuruzwa atekereza gutangiza icyiciro gishya cy’ingendo ziva muri Aziya hafi y’ikiruhuko cy’icyumweru cya Zahabu mu Bushinwa mu rwego rwo gushyigikira izamuka ry’ibiciro by’imizigo mu mwaka ushize.

Mu byumweru bike bishize, umubare munini w’ibicuruzwa byinjira mu nyanja nini ya pasifika na Aziya ugana i Burayi nta kimenyetso cyerekana umwiherero.Ifungwa ryambere rya Ningbo Meishan Terminal ryongereye umwanya muto wo kohereza mbere yikiruhuko cy’umunsi w’Ubushinwa.Biravugwa ko Meishan Wharf yo ku cyambu cya Ningbo izafungurwa ku ya 25 Kanama ikazasubizwa muri rusange ku ya 1 Nzeri, bikaba biteganijwe ko izakemura ibibazo biriho ubu.